Every airline pilot who has ever left the cockpit on a long flight to stretch their legs while walking down the aisles, has heard this question: “Who’s flying the plane?” Well, due to a series of fatal accidents over the last few years, that might be a very valid question.
Since the dawn of aviation in the early twentieth century, there has been one thing which separated the good pilots from the mediocre ones. That is what is commonly referred to as “Stick and Rudder skills”. Simply put, the ability to make the aircraft do what you want it to do by manipulating the basic flight controls, the ailerons, elevator and rudder. All aircraft, from the smallest to the largest, have them. In addition to those, large swept wing jets added “spoilers”, which augment or replace the ailerons, especially in a high speed environment.
Over, the years, the development of “auto-pilots” reduced the work load in the cockpit by allowing a mechanical device to maintain altitude and heading. Gradually, these systems became more and more sophisticated, using ground based electronic transmitters to allow the aircraft to navigate from point to point and even make instrument approaches at the destination. Modern aircraft, using state of the art auto-flight systems are “on auto-pilot” from just after liftoff to when the aircraft “auto-lands” on the destination airport runway.
Some aircraft manufacturers, like Airbus Industries, have a design philosophy which attempts to basically “pilot proof” the airplane, giving the flight management computers the ability to override pilot inputs if the computer senses that they will violate design limits or protocols. But therein lies the problem. What if there is a faulty or erroneous sensor input to the auto-flight system? Who is in control then, and can the autopilot be disconnected, allowing the pilot to be in full control? More importantly, does he or she have the basic “stick and rudder” skills to hand fly the aircraft in an unusual or emergency situation? Continue reading Who’s Flying The Plane?