When I was growing up in Colorado in the 1950s, our favorite Chinese restaurant was called “The Cathay Post” and was located in American Legion Post #185. Sadly, that post no longer exists, but I will never forget it.
The founding members of that American Legion Post were members of the 442 Regimental Combat Team, the “Go For Broke” Regiment, which was formed in 1942, and is the most decorated Unit in the History of the United States Military, with 21 Medals of Honor and over 14,122 other medals. Think about that.
There is one other factor worthy of note. The 442nd consisted almost entirely of Nisei. Who are they, you might ask?
Nisei is a word of Japanese origin which means a person born in the United States or Canada, whose parents were born in Japan. In other words, a first generation American. Some were of course second or even possibly third generation Americans, but they all had one thing in common. They were part of a racial group which was rounded up and imprisoned, with most of their belongings confiscated, in a manner never before or since accomplished or even attempted in this country.
Although a few Japanese-Americans were used as interpreters in the Pacific campaign, It was feared that they were potentially disloyal, and could not be trusted, even for that duty, against the Empire of Japan. So, they fought in Europe, primarily in Italy, the South of France, and Germany. They fought ferociously, with a tenacity unrivaled by any other unit in our armed forces before or since.
They did this while many of their families were interned in what were described as “Internment Camps”, but were, by any reasonable standard, Concentration Camps, which were surrounded by barbed wire and observation posts, staffed by armed guards.
The hastily constructed barracks provided little or no privacy for family units, with blankets or sheets hung as improvised walls. The buildings were cold and drafty in winter and hot and dusty in summer. Many, particularly the very young, old, or sickly wasted away and died in the camps. The internments started on February 19, 1942, when President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, and finally ended In March of 1946, more than 6 months after cessation of hostilities with Japan.
Veterans of the 442nd came back to find their homes and businesses gone, taken over by others, with no compensation for their loss. Finally, in 1988, payments of $20,000 were made to Japanese-Americans who were alive during the period of internment. Although larger amounts were eventually paid out, those didn’t come close to reimbursing the financial, let alone the emotional loss these citizens suffered at the hands of our government. Who qualified for this exclusion and internment? Colonel Karl Bendetsen, the architect behind the program, went so far as saying anyone with “one drop of Japanese blood” qualified for internment. Continue reading The Forgotten 442nd →